Ceramics is a general term for pottery, craft pottery, and porcelain. The Chinese invented pottery as early as about 8000-2000 B.C. (Neolithic period). Most ceramic pot materials are oxides, nitrides, borides, and carbides.
Common ceramic materials include clay, alumina, kaolin, etc. Ceramic materials are generally hard, but less malleable. In addition to the use of footwear and decoration, they also play an important role in the development of science and technology.
Ceramic materials are made from clay, which is an abundant resource of the earth and is quenched. The nature of clay is tough, and can be molded with water at room temperature, sculpted with a slight dryness, and ground with full dryness; it can be fired to 700 degrees to become pottery that can hold water; it can be fired to 1230 degrees to become porcelain, and can be completely non-absorbent and resistant to high temperatures and corrosion. With the flexibility of its use, there are still various creative applications in today’s culture and technology.
Craft pottery Process flow
1. Mud panning
Kaolin is the best raw material for firing porcelain, for thousands of years, how many fine ceramics are evolved from these insignificant porcelain clay, the first process of porcelain: panning mud, is the porcelain clay panning into available clay.
2. Stacking mud
Amoy good porcelain clay and can not be used immediately, it will be split ceramic artwork, stacked into columns for storage and pulling adobe with.
3. Pulling billet
Put the stacked porcelain clay into a large turntable, rotate the turntable, and pull the clay into a porcelain billet by hand and with a billet pulling tool.
4.Printing
The porcelain billet is only a prototype, and it needs to be printed into different shapes according to the shapes to be made by selecting different printing molds.
5. Repair
Just printed uneven thickness of the blank, the need to repair the billet through the process to print a good billet repair and scraping neat and proportionate, repairing the billet is divided into wet repair and dry repair.
6. Pressing water
Pressing water is an essential process, i.e. washing away the dust on the blank with water to prepare for the next processes such as painting and glazing.
7. Painting
Painting on the billet is a major feature of ceramic art, there are many kinds of painting billet, there are written, there is a good paper sketch, no matter how to paint the billet is the finishing touch to the ceramic process.
8. Glaze
Painting good porcelain billet, rough and dull, glazed is completely different, smooth and bright: different glazing methods and completely different effects, commonly used glazing methods are dipped glaze, dripping glaze, swing glaze, spray glaze, brush glaze, etc.
9. Kiln firing
Thousands of years of kiln fire, continuous, after dozens of processes refined porcelain billet, in the kiln by a thousand degrees of high-temperature firing, just like an ugly duckling line will be up to a beautiful swan. Now the kiln has a gas kiln, electric kiln, etc.
10. into porcelain
After a few days of firing, the kiln has turned the porcelain billet into a piece of fine porcelain, from the open door of the kiln can not wait to stand out.
11. into porcelain defects repair
Perfect porcelain sometimes has a little flaw in the firing, using polymer materials to repair, can make the porcelain more perfect.
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